These localized brain infections consist of a cluster of organisms enclosed in a protective wall. Sometimes a brain infection, a vaccine, cancer, or another disorder triggers a misguided immune reaction, causing the immune system to attack normal cells in the brain an autoimmune reaction Autoimmune Disorders An autoimmune disorder is a malfunction of the body's immune system that causes the body to attack its own tissues.
What triggers autoimmune disorders is not known. Symptoms vary depending on As a result, the brain becomes inflamed. This disorder is called postinfectious encephalitis. By entering the brain directly from the outside for example, through a skull fracture or during surgery on the brain. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and well-being around the world.
The Merck Manual was first published in as a service to the community. Learn more about our commitment to Global Medical Knowledge. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Common Health Topics. Commonly searched drugs. Brain Infections. Test your knowledge. A brain abscess is a pocket of pus in the brain. Which of the following is NOT a common cause of a brain abscess?
That said, it would be premature to conclude from available data that COVID preferentially causes strokes in younger patients. However, it can be challenging to get these studies. Our patients with COVID can be extremely weak and even confused, so we need to balance treating their immediate medical needs with information gathering to better understand how we can help fight the virus in others who may develop this condition in the future. How Does Coronavirus Affect the Brain?
Stevens explains some of the prevailing scientific theories. Q: In what ways does the coronavirus affect the brain? Severe Infection The first possible way is that the virus may have the capacity to enter the brain and cause a severe and sudden infection. Chaos in the Body The third theory is that all of the physiological changes induced in the body by COVID — ranging from high fevers to low oxygen levels to multiple organ failures — contribute to, or account for, brain dysfunction, such as the delirium or coma seen in many of the severe COVID patients.
Why is that happening? Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Bennett JE, et al. Philadelphia, Pa. Accessed Jan. Hardarson HS. Acute viral encephalitis in children: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis. Ferri FF. Encephalitis, acute viral. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Viral encephalitis. Rochester, Minn.
Gluckman SJ. Viral encephalitis in adults. Meningitis and encephalitis fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Accessed Feb. Dorsett M, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infections in the emergency department. Emergency Medical Clinics of North America. Patel H, et al. Long-term sequelae of West Nile virus-related illness: A systematic review.
The Lancet Infections Diseases. Acute viral encephalitis in children: Treatment and prevention. Daroff RB, et al. Viral encephalitis and meningitis. In: Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice. Zachary KC. Acyclovir: An overview.
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